黎巴嫩人主要食品和饮食习惯

FOOD & DRINKS
The Lebanese cuisine is extremely various, it’s always fresh and above all – it’s absolutely delicious. The variety of vegetarian dishes, kebab style sandwiches and all of those different side dishes are is stunning. In addition, usually meals are represented in many small portioned dishes, that are served at once and shared by everyone at the table. An experience, that should be on any traveller’s list of things to do in Lebanon.

Lebanese bread

Lebanese bread resembles pita bread. It is relatively dry, flat and has a minor taste –  just right to dip it into many tasty dips, such as hummus or tahini, and dishes. It is made of water, flour and olive oil. In restaurants and hotels you often get a whole bunch of this bread at your tables. They would usually fold this round and flat bread into triangles and either place them in a small basket or in a plastic bag on the table.

Falafel

Falafel is considered as one of Lebanon’s national dishes. The deep fried balls are usually made of chick peas or pureed beans and topped with different spices and herbs. In Lebanon, falafel balls are made à la minute. This means that most snack stands have a huge tub of oil, that is used for deep-frying, where, depending on the orders, freshly shaped balls of falafel dough are thrown into. Three falafel balls are then placed on a typical Lebanese bread and served with tomatoes, radish, sour pickled radish, parsley, sesame sauce and hummus (chick-pea with tahini). Delicious, light and vegetarian. Tip: While in Beirut you should definitely try the falafel sandwiches at M. Sahyoun. Sahyoun has been around since 1935 – the secret leader of the Falafel shops of Beirut. A simple sandwich (“sandwich normal”) costs 3,500 LBP.

Meats

Lebanese cuisine is also full of different varieties of meats such as Shawarma (thinly sliced mutton or lamb meat, or many other types of meat, served inside of a thin bread with vegetables), varieties of meat skewers or Kibbe Nayé or Kibbeh (grounded mixture of lamb and veal). However, one would have to give up on pork while visiting the Lebanon, as this is rarely served.

Salads

Lebanon can be easily called a country of salads. There are so many options to pick from, like for example the regular tomato salad, or the delicious bean salad or simply the typical taboulé – a Lebanese salad made of chopped parsley, tomatoes, shallots, olive oil and lemon. Bulgur is also mixed up, but served rather rarely.

Lebanese breakfast

The Lebanese breakfast is not just food, it’s a real feast. It usually lasts for quite a while; people normally get together to have it and often share a hookah, while sipping on freshly made coffee or tea. This is again a time when varieties of small dishes are served on the table to be shared by everyone.

A small selection of typical Lebanese dishes that are served in restaurants for breakfast:

Fatteh: A bowl of warm yoghurt with light garlic flavor, served with toasted pita bread, chick-peas and pine nuts
Labneh: Thick yoghurt with olive oil
Za’atar: A mixture of dried spices (e.g., thyme, oregano, sumak, sesame, salt)
Olives, tomatoes, cucumbers, onions, parsley, coriander
Pickled vegetables
Shakshuka: poached eggs in tomato sauce (sometimes with zucchini and red peppers)
Manakish: Lebanese pizza, with Za’atar or cheese filling or dough covering
Cheese, cheese, cheese: Akkawi (white cheese, similar to mozzarella), Kashkaval (salty cheese, slightly crumbly, perfect for manakish), feta, Hallumi (semi-solid cheese, most delicious when roasted or grilled) and Nabulsiyeh (semi-solid, white cheese)
Knee: A sweet dish made of cheese, served in bread with sugar syrup
Ful Mudammas: Ful Mudammas means beans cooked over the fire. This typical Lebanese dish consists of thick beans, broad beans and fava beans, which, after being cooked, are topped with olive oil and are served with a lemon sauce, parsley and finely chopped onions
Hummus

Lebanese Desserts

Deserts are an integral part of the Lebanese cuisine. Lebanese desserts are similar to those of the neighboring countries. Almost every bakery in Lebanon has, for example, halva, baklava and varieties of sweet creme. Don’t forget to leave space in your stomach after a proper Lebanese feast, as baklava belong to every Lebanese meal. Also, many traditional Baklava companies still have their shops in Beirut – don’t forget to pay them a visit.

Drinks

Every corner in Lebanon smells of delicious coffee. This is because of the simple and rustic coffee machines, that can be found everywhere. For 1000 LBP you can get a nice Espresso, which will immediately wake you up. There is this national Lebanese drink called Ayran, which tastes like a plain yogurt with some salt. There are also juices, such as pomegranate and orange juice, which are available almost everywhere for little money. If you would want a beer in the evening, you should try ordering a Mexican Beer: a beer with lemon juice and salted rim.

Falafel

Falafel is considered as one of Lebanon’s national dishes. The deep fried balls are usually made of chick peas or pureed beans and topped with different spices and herbs. In Lebanon, falafel balls are made à la minute. This means that most snack stands have a huge tub of oil, that is used for deep-frying, where, depending on the orders, freshly shaped balls of falafel dough are thrown into. Three falafel balls are then placed on a typical Lebanese bread and served with tomatoes, radish, sour pickled radish, parsley, sesame sauce and hummus (chick-pea with tahini). Delicious, light and vegetarian. Tip: While in Beirut you should definitely try the falafel sandwiches at M. Sahyoun. Sahyoun has been around since 1935 – the secret leader of the Falafel shops of Beirut. A simple sandwich (“sandwich normal”) costs 3,500 LBP.





黎巴嫩早餐是一场真正的盛宴。它通常会持续一段时间。人们通常会聚在一起喝水烟，一边喝新鲜的咖啡或茶，一边经常共享水烟。这是再次在桌上摆放各种小菜让所有人共享的时代。

早餐提供一些典型的黎巴嫩菜肴：

Fatteh：一碗温暖的酸奶，带有淡淡的大蒜味，配以烤皮塔饼面包，鹰嘴豆和松子
Labneh：浓酸奶和橄榄油
Za'atar：干香料的混合物（例如百里香，牛至，苏打木，芝麻，盐）
橄榄，西红柿，黄瓜，洋葱，香菜，香菜
雪菜
Shakshuka：番茄汁荷包蛋（有时配西葫芦和红辣椒）
Manakish：黎巴嫩比萨饼，带有Za'atar或奶酪馅料或面团
奶酪，奶酪，奶酪：Akkawi（白色奶酪，类似于马苏里拉奶酪），Kashkaval（咸奶酪，稍易碎，非常适合用于手揉捏），羊乳酪，Halumi（半固态奶酪，烤或烤时最美味）和Nabulsiyeh（半奶酪）白色固体奶酪）
膝盖：由奶酪制成的甜味菜，配以糖浆和面包
Ful Mudammas：Ful Mudammas是指在火上煮熟的豆类。这道典型的黎巴嫩菜由粗豆，蚕豆和蚕豆组成，煮熟后加橄榄油，佐以柠檬酱，欧芹和切碎的洋葱

黎巴嫩甜品

沙拉是黎巴嫩美食不可或缺的一部分。黎巴嫩的甜点与邻国的甜点相似。黎巴嫩几乎每家面包店都有例如酥糖，果仁蜜饼和各种甜奶油。

中东西亚饮食习惯都差不多了。

最近黎巴嫩物价暴涨，主要原因是货币贬值，所以带美元去黎巴嫩旅游很划算了。